Adult ADHD Medication
ADHD medication is a way to help manage symptoms but it's not an effective cure. Psychological interventions are suggested, particularly in the areas that are most vulnerable.
NHS prescriptions for CNS stimulants and ADHD medications quadrupled during the Covid pandemic in comparison to previous years. However, variations in prescribing and referrals are apparent by region.
What is ADHD?
Untreated ADHD can cause problems in a variety of areas of an individual's life. They may have difficulty in their work and relationships, and could have trouble with self-esteem or an overall sense of wellbeing. They may also be at a greater risk of developing comorbid disorders such as depression, substance abuse or anxiety.
To be diagnosed with ADHD an individual must show at least five of the three categories below:
The most prominent symptoms of ADHD that are characterized by inattention comprise:
Trouble focusing on schoolwork or at work. Making mistakes in work or in homework assignments. Trouble finishing assignments, or getting bored with them fast. Trouble remembering important dates, numbers, or other details. You might be having difficulty with household chores and responsibilities. Finding it difficult to keep track of time, or not attending appointments or meetings. You have difficulty sitting still for long periods of time. When talking to others, it is difficult to keep your eyes on them or appear to be ignoring them.
People suffering from ADHD who suffer from the primary hyperactive symptoms will show some of the following symptoms and signs:
Many people with ADHD conceal their ADHD by developing strategies to conceal the signs. They might not talk about their issues with family members or acquaintances, and they may not seek help until their issues get serious enough to affect their quality of life.
If you suffer from ADHD can be difficult to cope with in the early years, but it may not cause issues until the age of adulthood when new demands and stressors become a factor. Symptoms might be missed by parents and teachers or they might be misdiagnosed as a mental health condition, such as anxiety, depression or a substance use disorder.
To be diagnosed with ADHD, a healthcare professional will assess the person using clinical interviews and behavioral scales. They also take into consideration family history, current medical issues and other causes that could be a factor in the person's difficulties. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence will then use the criteria to determine an assessment.
adhd medication with ADHD are often treated with medication. The most frequently prescribed drugs are stimulants, which increase the levels of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, and increase concentration and impulsivity while reducing hyperactivity. The medications can be consumed by mouth or injection. A psychiatrist will track and adjust the dosage to find the right level for each individual.
Support groups, behavioral therapy, and lifestyle modifications are other non-medication treatment options for adults suffering from ADHD. Healthy eating, regular exercise and avoiding caffeine, alcohol or sugar during the hours prior to bedtime can reduce the symptoms. Some adults may find that a job-coach can assist them in managing their symptoms at work. uk adhd medication for Work and Pensions also offers a scheme called Access to Work, which will offer financial assistance and other services to help with workplace adaptations.
Stimulant drugs
Stimulant drugs are the most popular type of medication used to treat ADHD. They are designed to alter the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain that influence attention and hyperactivity. They are fast-acting and begin to work in just 45-60 minutes.
These are the first choice of people diagnosed with ADHD. They are relatively safe, generally tolerant and have been proven to reduce the symptoms of ADHD including inattentiveness, hyperactivity and an impulsiveness. They are not a remedy and should only be used in conjunction with psychoeducation, therapy and ongoing support.
It is worth noting that these medications do have adverse effects. These can include the loss of appetite, difficulties sleeping, and a decrease in heart rate and blood pressure. These medications may also increase the risk for seizures in adolescents and children. These medications can also cause sudden death in people with heart conditions that are underlying, such as cardiomyopathy and conduction disorder.
There are two classes of drugs that are approved for use in treating adults with ADHD that are stimulants and non-stimulants. Stimulants increase the metabolism and have been shown to be beneficial in treating the primary symptoms of ADHD. Three stimulant drugs are approved in the UK; the methylphenidate (e.g. Ritalin, Concerta) and two classes of amphetamine-based drugs dexamfetamine (e.g. Adderall, Dexedrine) and lisdexamfetamine (e.g. Elvanse, Vyvanse). Atomoxetine is a 'prodrug drug with a protein attached to it that the body removes to release dexamfetamine.
Non-stimulants like atomoxetine and guanfacine, are not used as often, but can be very effective. They work by enhancing the chemical signals between nerves, which depend on neurotransmitters noradrenaline as well as dopamine to transmit messages. They may take longer to effect than stimulants, but they can be extremely beneficial for those with the comorbidity of ADHD depression, anxiety, or ADHD.
The most important aspect to consider when choosing the right drug is to be officially diagnosed by a specialist psychiatrist who has previous experience working with neurodevelopmental conditions. This should be done prior to beginning any new medication. It is recommended to have a GP who will be willing to assist with the medication through regular visits. These are particularly important when starting a new medication as a GP can check for potential problems that can occur during the initial phase of treatment.
GPs can also be useful in identifying and describing symptoms of ADHD. These symptoms can be used to decide whether further investigation is required and which treatments are most suitable.
For those who are not diagnosed with ADHD it is crucial to note that the diagnosis of ADHD in adults can have a profound impact on a person's lifestyle and career as well as relationships. Those who are undiagnosed and untreated can develop far-reaching negative, lasting consequences that can be difficult to reverse. Therefore, if you think that your child or yourself may have ADHD it is crucial that you speak to your GP as soon as you can.